D
Deductive Reasoning from the general to the specific. To chunk down.
Deep Structure The complete underlying structure from which the actual spoken language derives. By the processes of deletion, distortion and generalisation allow us to streamline our language. However in doing so the our communication is changed fron the underlying deep strucure. The Meta Model is the tool that is used to recover the deep structure of our language patterns. Much of the deep structure is out of awareness.
Deletion Where something is missing or left out. One of the three major processes (including Distortion and Generalisation) on which the Meta Model is based. Deletion occurs when we leave out a portion of our experience as we make our Internal Representations.
Denominalisation A nominalisation is a process word or verb that has been transformed into a noun. To denominalise a word, you return the noun to the process from which it arose.
Derivation The original basis from the Deep Structure from which the surface structure derived.
Digital Digital distinctions have distinct variations of meaning as in a digital watch, or an on/off switch. This is as opposed to Analogue which operates on a varying scale. May also be called Boolean referring to computger terminolgy that determines whether something is true or false.
Disjunction Words that break apart and separate two parts of a sentence, words such as "but", "however" tend to dismiss the first part of a statement. "I understand what you are saying, but I think..."
Dissociated This is where you experience a memory as though outside of the experience, like looking at a film of the event rather than being in the event. Because of this you may recall the event by seeing yourself in the picture.
Distortion Where something is altered or changed. A deletion will create a generalisation which in turn will create a distortion. One of the three major processes (including Deletion and Generalisation) on which the Meta Model is based.
Double Binds The illusion of choice that limit the number of options a person may perceive is available to them. Questions that give a client a "free choice" among two or more comparable alternatives. They are based on the notion of multilevel communication.
Downtime Going inside and having all sensory inputs focussed inward. There will therefore be no attention available for outward attention.
Drivers The Submodality ultimately drives the other critical submodalities. If we change the driver submodality, that in turn will change the meaning of an experience. It is so important that it carries all the other submodality differences, the Critical Submodalities, when we change it.
E
Ecology The effect that any part of a system has upon the system itself. It is the study of the consequences or results or impact of any change that occurs on the wider system.
Ego From Psycho-Dynamic theory, the outcome of the contrasting dictates of the Id, our instinctive needs and desires. and the Super-Ego, the result of our learning going throough life, and the consequences of actions that generates our sense of morals and ethics.
Elicitation To evoke or arouse a reponse in another either by creating a state in a client, or gathering information by asking questions or observing the client's behaviour. See Accessing Cues.
Ellis, Albert Founder of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT), a process very similar to Cognitive therapy. The emphasis in REBT is around the emotive use of certain ways of thinking, mainly around what he called "Musterbating", all or nothing words and phrases such as "must", "have to", "got to" etc.
These are recognised in the NLP Meta Model as Modal Operators of Possibility and Necessity, as well as the Universal Quantifyers or "Over-Generalising".
Embedded Command An Embedded Command is a subtle form of influential language pattern that has a hypnotic effect by hiding a 'Suggestion' that is buried inside a longer sentence and marked out by voice tone, gesture or on a writen work by marking out the embedded suggestion by changing the format.
Embedded Question Similar to the Embedded Command, an Embedded question is a question that is inside a longer sentence marked out by voice tone or gesture and which inluences compliance and bypassing resistance.
Erickson, Milton A psychiatrist in the USA (died 1981) famous for the use of 'conversational hypnosis'. His patterns were modelled by Richard Bandler and John Grinder to form the Milton Model of NLP and whose patterns and style have given rise to 'Ericksonian Hypnosis'.
Erik Erickson A Neo-Freudian who moved away from Freuds Psycho-Sexual teachings to the dynamics of Psycho-Social processes
Eye Movement Patterns: Eye movement Patterns also known as Eye Accessing Cues. These are movements of the eyes in certain directions that indicate visual, auditory or kinaesthetic thinking.
F
Feedback The responses that you get back as the results of your actions that enable you alter your behaviour to ensure you acheive your outcome.
In the field of cybernetics, a feedback loop enables automatic self correction. In neurology, the body maintains homeostasis by the use of intricate feedback loops. When a persons fluid levels drop, the body sends a signal to the brain that in turn creates the sensation that we call thirst, this in turn motivates us to find something to drink. Once the fluid levels jave been replenished the body stops sending signals to the brain and we no longer feel thirsty.
In any system, ecology relies on self corrective loops that adapt to the new conditions.
First Perceptual Position: This is one of the Perceptual Positions. First Position is when you are associated, looking through your own eyes, and in touch with only your own inner Model of the World.
Fractionation Repeating the induction of trance which deepens trance.
Frame The particular point of view from which we percieve a specific experience.
Freud, Sigmund The Doctor who really got psytchology on it's feet as a discipline. Although there is much debate over the validity of his theories and even more over their usefulness, he nonetheless opened up a forum from whjic moden psychological theories have eithe evolved from or developed in contrast to his work. One of the major players in recognising unconscious processes at work.
Future Pace By mentally rehearsing a future result we set up neurological patterns that create the behaviour so that the desired outcome automatically occurs.